Resumen
The present paper covers the analysis of damage in a single-layer roundhead armored with Cubipods. This study was carried through physical model tests. Firstly, the analysis of the damage in these structures has not been an intensive studied topic. It is normally defined when a piece doesn't contribute in the stability on the single layer armor and, due to, a new damage criteria was proposed. In addition, vertical and sectorial size of active zone was defined. It could be possible defined three different phases in the evolution of damage due to the homogenous behavior for the roundhead. The most damage sector is 90-135º, and the neighbors, 45-90º and 135-180º, but damage in 45-90º is greater in frequency and value. Also, the dimensionless parameters of roundhead size (Rn, R/H and R/L) are involved in this phenomenon. Besides, the vertical size of active zone is defined in ±1.5Hs since sea water level (SWL), being the wave steepness is the principal parameter involved. It was proposed two level of damage: start of damage (D [%] =0.4) and failure (D [%] =11). Finally, it has been measure the reserve of stability. It is defined like the percentage of wave that the roundhead is able to resists between 2 levels of damage. This parameter allows analyzes the rigid behavior of the roundhead single layer armor. The value of this parameter, except one case, is RE [%] =9. It was conclude that wave steepness is a relevant parameter, when it increased the reserve is reduces.Referencias
Berenguer, J. M., & Baonza, A. (1999). Experimental research on hollowed cubes for breakwater protection. Proceedings of the International Conference of Coastal Structures. 1, 255-262.
Besley, P., Denechere, M., Besley, P., Manager, G., Wallingford, H. R., & Park, H. (2009). Single layer armour systems - toe , crest and roundhead details Overtopping discharge. Proceedings of the international conference of Coasts, Marine Structures and Breakwaters (ICE).
Burcharth, H. F., Andersen, T. L., & Medina, J. R. (2010). Stability of Cubipod armoured roundheads in short-crested waves. A comparison between Cubipod and cube armour stability. Proceedings of 32nd Conference on Coastal Engineering.
CEM. (2002). Coastal Enginering Manual. US. Army Corps of Engineers.
CIRIA/CUR/CETMEF. (2007). The Rock Manual. The use of rock in hydraulic engineering (2nd edition). C683, CIRIA,London.
Comola, F., Lykke Andersen, T., Martinelli, L., Burcharth, H. F., & Ruol, P. (2014). Damage pattern and damage progression on breakwater roundheads under multidirectional waves. Coastal Engineering, 83, 24-35. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2013.09.004
Gomez-Martin, M. E. (2015). Análisis de la evolución de averías del manto principal de diques en talud formado por escolleras, cubos y Cubípodos. PhD Thesis. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, España.
Gomez-Martin, M. E., & Medina, J. R. (2007). Cubipod Concrete Armour Unit and Heterogeneous Packing. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of Coastal Structures, 140-151.
Holfland, B., & Van Gent, M. (2016). Automatic settlement analysis of single-layer armour layers. Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference on the Application of Physical Modelling in Coastal and Port Engineering and Science.
Lomonaco, P., Vidal, C., & Gomez-Martin, M. E. (2009). Evolution of damage on roundheads protected with Cubes and Cubipod armour units. Proceedings of the international conference of Coasts, Marine Structures and Breakwaters (ICE).
Maciñeira, E. (2005). Determinación de una fórmula para el cálculo de la estabilidad del morro de un dique en talud . Análisis de los distintos factores que intervienen. PhD Thesis. Universidade da Coruña, España.
Maciñeira, E., & Burcharth, H. F. (2016). Stability of cube armoured roundheads exposed to long crested and short crested waves. Coastal Engineering, 112, 99-112.
Medina, J. R. (2001). Estimation of incident and reflected waves using simulated annealing. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 127(4), 213-221.
Medina, J. R., & Gómez-Martín, M. E. (2015). Manual del cubípodo. Ed: Universitat Politècnica de València.
Muttray, M., & Reedijk, B. (2009). Design of Concrete Armour Layers. Hansa International Maritime Journal, 6, 111-118.
Puente, I., Sande, J., González, H., Peña, E., Maciñeira, E., Martínez, J., & Arias, P. (2014). Novel image analysis approach to the terrestrial LiDAR monitoring of damage in rubble mound breakwaters. Ocean Engineering, 91, 273-280. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.09.011
Sande, J., Peña, E., Maciñeira, E., Priegue, L., & Gómez-Martín, M. E. (2014). Stability of Small Breakwaters Roundheads Armoured With Single-Layer Cubipod Units. Proceedings of the 3rd IAHR Europe Congress.
Van Gent, M., & Luis, L. (2013). Application of cubes in a single layer. Proceedings of the 6th International Short Course/Conference on Applied Coastal Research (SCACR).
Van Gent, M., & van der Werf, I. M. (2010). Stability of breakwater roundheads during construction. Proceedings of 32nd Conference on Coastal Engineering.
Vidal, C., Losada, M. A., & Medina, R. (1989). Estabilidad del morro de los diques en talud. Influencia de su geometría. Revista de Obras Publicas, 1950, 887-907.